Introduction: Introduction Retinal Vein Occlusion (RVO) is a severe ophthalmic disease
capable of causing blindness and morbidityif not properlymanaged.Interventional options
include management of systemic and ocular risk factors with intravitreal anti-vascular
endothelial growth factors (IVAVEGF), steroids (IS), gene therapy (GT), peptide-based
agents (PBA) and small molecule inhibitors (SMI).
Aim: To assess visual prognosis, most common etiology and type of occlusion inlarge series
ofpatients after being diagnosed with RVO.
Materials and Methods: Records of patients who had been managed for RVO were
reviewed retrospectively for safety, complication, visual outcome and prognosis. Patients’
demographic data, indications of treatment and length of follow up were collected and
analysed using Welch Two Sample t-test.
Results: Eighty-four eyes of 80 patients (44 females and 36 males) were identified.
Mean age at diagnosis was 57.19 +7 (range 30-70 years) with minimum follow up of 7
years (range 7 – 10). Visual acuities improved in 74 (88.09%), worsened in 4 (4.76%)
and remained unchanged in 6 (7.14%) eyes managed withIVAVEGF, observation and
steroids respectively. The most common etiologies were hypertension 42 (50%),
glaucoma 16 (19.04%) and diabetes 10 (11.90%). Four Yeyes had complications the
most common of whichwas neovascular glaucoma (NVG) 2 (50.00%). Seventy-four
(88.09%) had non ischemic whilst 4 eyes (4.76%) had ischemic occlusions.
Conclusion: Visual prognosis of RVO is generally good with IVAVEGF. IS are useful when
IVAVEGF fails in visual recovery. Novel treatment like GT, PBA and SMI are promising.
Management of underlying systemic and ocular diseases and risk factors is equally
fundamental.